Vint cerf and bob kahn

The most popular network protocol in the world, the TCP/IP protocol suite, was designed in the first half of the s by two DARPA scientists—Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn, persons most often called the fathers of the Internet.

Vinton Gray &#;Vint&#; Cerf (born 23 June in New Haven, Connecticut) obtained his B.S.

in Math and Computer Science at Stanford University in and went to IBM, where he worked for some two years as a systems engineer, supporting QUIKTRAN—a system to make time-shared computing more economical and widely available for scientists, engineers, and businessmen.

In he left IBM to attend graduate school at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he earned his master&#;s (in ) and Ph.D.

degree () in Computer Science. During his graduate student years, he studied under Professor Gerald Estrin, and worked in Leonard Kleinrock&#;s data packet networking group that connected the first two nodes of the ARPANET, the predecessor to the Internet. He worked as a Principal Programmer, participating in a number of projects, including the ARPANet Network Measurement Center, a video graphics project including a computer-controlled 16 mm camera, development of ARPANet host protocol specifications.

While at UCLA, he also met Bob Kahn, who was working on the ARPANet hardware architecture in BBN (Bolt Beranek and Newman).

Robert Elliot Kahn (born 23 December ) received a B.E.E.

Ray tomlinson biography Vinton Cerf and Dr. Robert Kahn Medal of Freedom Recipients. Vinton G. Cerf is vice president and Chief Internet Evangelist for Google. He is responsible for identifying new enabling technologies and applications on the Internet and other platforms for the company.

degree from the City College of New York in , and M.A. and a Ph.D. degree from Princeton University in and respectively.

After graduation, he received a position on the Technical Staff at Bell Labs and then became an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at MIT. He took a leave of absence from MIT to join Bolt Beranek and Newman, where he was responsible for the system design of the Arpanet, the first packet-switched network, and was involved in the building of the Interface Message Processor.

In , Kahn was hired by Larry Roberts at the IPTO to work on networking technologies, and in October he gave a demonstration of an ARPANet network connecting 40 different computers at the International Computer Communication Conference, making the network widely known for the first time to people from around the world and communication engineers realizing that packet switching was a real technology.

At the IPTO, Kahn worked on an existing project to establish a satellite packet network and initiated a project to establish a ground-based radio packet network.

These experiences convinced him of the need for the development of an open-architecture network model, where any network could communicate with any other independent of individual hardware and software configuration. Kahn, therefore, set four goals for the design of what would become the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):
• Network connectivity.

Any network could connect to another network through a gateway.
• Distribution. There would be no central network administration or control.
• Error recovery.

Vint cerf dan bob kahn biography Robert Elliot Kahn born 23 December received a B. He took a leave of absence from MIT to join Bolt Beranek and Newman, where he was responsible for the system design of the Arpanet, the first packet-switched network, and was involved in the building of the Interface Message Processor. In , Kahn was hired by Larry Roberts at the IPTO to work on networking technologies, and in October he gave a demonstration of an ARPANet network connecting 40 different computers at the International Computer Communication Conference, making the network widely known for the first time to people from around the world and communication engineers realizing that packet switching was a real technology. At the IPTO, Kahn worked on an existing project to establish a satellite packet network and initiated a project to establish a ground-based radio packet network. These experiences convinced him of the need for the development of an open-architecture network model, where any network could communicate with any other independent of individual hardware and software configuration.

Lost packets would be retransmitted.
• Black box design. No internal changes would have to be made to a network to connect it to other networks.

In the spring of , Vinton Cerf joined Kahn on the project. They started by conducting research on reliable data communications across packet radio networks, factored in lessons learned from the Networking Control Protocol, and then created the next-generation Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the standard protocol used on the Internet today.

In the early versions of this technology, there was only one core protocol, which was named TCP.

And in fact, these letters didn&#;t even stand for what they do today Transmission Control Protocol, but they were for the Transmission Control Program. The first version of this predecessor of modern TCP was written in , then revised and formally documented in RFC , Specification of Internet Transmission Control Program from December

What is the current status of the Internet Protocol Suite (commonly known as TCP/IP)?

It is the set of communications protocols used for the Internet and other similar networks.

Vint cerf dan bob kahn biography wikipedia After receiving a B. At Princeton, he was advised by Bede Liu and completed a doctoral dissertation titled "Some problems in the sampling and modulation of signals. He first worked at Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. After he became director of IPTO, he started the United States government's billion dollar Strategic Computing Initiative , the largest computer research and development program ever undertaken by the U. TCP played a major role in forming the basis of internetworking , which would allow computers and networks all over the world to communicate with each other, regardless of what hardware or software the computers on each network used.

It is named after two of the most important protocols in it: the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), which were the first two networking protocols defined in this standard. Today&#;s IP networking represents a synthesis of several developments that began to evolve in the s and s, namely the Internet and LANs (Local Area Networks), which emerged in the mid- to lates, together with the advent of the World Wide Web in the early s.

The design of the network included the recognition that it should provide only the functions of efficiently transmitting and routing traffic between end nodes and that all other intelligence should be located at the edge of the network, in the end nodes.

Using a simple design, it became possible to connect almost any network to the ARPANET, irrespective of their local characteristics. One popular saying has it that TCP/IP, the eventual product of Cerf and Kahn&#;s work, will run over two tin cans and a string.

A computer or device called a router (a name changed from a gateway to avoid confusion with other types of gateways) is provided with an interface to each network, and forwards packets back and forth between them.

Requirements for routers are defined in RFC

DARPA then contracted with BBN Technologies, Stanford University, and the University College London to develop operational versions of the protocol on different hardware platforms. Four versions were developed: TCP v1, TCP v2, a split into TCP v3 and IP v3 in the spring of , and then stability with TCP/IP v4—the standard protocol still in use on the Internet today.

In , a two-network TCP/IP communications test was performed between Stanford and University College London (UCL).

In November , a three-network TCP/IP test was conducted between sites in the US, UK, and Norway. Several other TCP/IP prototypes were developed at multiple research centers between and The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP was officially completed on 1 January , when the new protocols were permanently activated.

In March , the US Department of Defense declared TCP/IP as the standard for all military computer networking.

In , the Internet Architecture Board held a three-day workshop on TCP/IP for the computer industry, attended by vendor representatives, promoting the protocol and leading to its increasing commercial use.

The Internet Protocol Suite, like many protocol suites, may be viewed as a set of layers.

Vint cerf dan bob kahn biography death

He has received honorary degrees and awards that include the National Medal of Technology , [ 2 ] the Turing Award , [ 11 ] the Presidential Medal of Freedom , [ 12 ] the Marconi Prize , and membership in the National Academy of Engineering. While in high school, Cerf worked at Rocketdyne on the Apollo program for six months and helped write statistical analysis software for the non-destructive tests of the F-1 engines. Cerf received a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics from Stanford University. Cerf and his wife Sigrid both have hearing deficiencies; they met at a hearing aid agent's practice in the s, [ 18 ] leading him to advocate for accessibility. They later joined a Methodist church and had two sons, David and Bennett.

Each layer solves a set of problems involving the transmission of data and provides a well-defined service to the upper layer protocols based on using services from some lower layers. Upper layers are logically closer to the user and deal with more abstract data, relying on lower-layer protocols to translate data into forms that can eventually be physically transmitted.

The TCP/IP model consists of four layers, as it is described in RFC From lowest to highest, these are—the Link Layer, the Internet Layer, the Transport Layer, and the Application Layer.

It should be noted that this model was not intended to be a rigid reference model into which new protocols have to fit in order to be accepted as a standard.

Almost all operating systems in use today, including all consumer-targeted systems, include a TCP/IP implementation.